The government of the Kingdom of Ghana was a monarchy. The Empire of Ghana was organized into a confederation of kingdoms. This confederation was by a warrior tribe and a dominant royal clan. The king’s rule became absolute as Ghana had increased trade and military activity. The king had a royal council that assisted him and reviewed his decisions. Ghana’s monarchy was matrilineal in succession. This means that his sister’s son succeeded each king. Over time, the kings began to entrust power to their viziers (prime ministers). Many people including dignitaries in charge of foreign affairs, the army, finance, the palace, etc assisted the viziers. In the Empire of Ghana, there were different territories and methods of how a portion of the land was run. In the territories that were, well controlled and obedient autonomy was granted. In the other less obedient lands, governors were appointed to watch over the land for the king. All of the territories were required to be loyal to the king, to provide an annual tribute, and to provide warriors to the imperial army when necessary. For this, the king gave protection, shared the prosperous trade of Ghana and provided justice for conflicts that occurred in the empire.
Current Coat of Arms of the Republic of Ghana representing the government of Ghana and acknowledging its changes.